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Here are more features to consider:
A microphone jack - microphones attached to the camera produce
better quality than a built-in mike. Time code numbers that appear on
the screen tell exactly where you are on the tape. FireWire-this high-speed
digital transfer protocol comes with a 4 or 6 pin cable connector. I like
the 4 pin, because the 6 pin still has some bugs when it's used for editing.
How many CCD chips? The chips pick up the optical image in front
of the camera. The larger the chip, the better the image quality. A one-chip
camera gathers all three colors - red, green and blue - on one chip. The
high-end 3-chip camera has one chip for each color, so contrast, visual
depth and detail are much better. Because the primary video colors are
each gathered on their own chip, color controls are also more sensitive.
Some DV cameras offer sharp digital picture and professional sound and
can play high-8 and 8-mm cassettes. Most DV cameras use the Mini DV 60
Min SP tapes. Some take the larger DV SP 120 Min. DVCPRO by Panasonic
is excellent, but the cost isn't low enough yet. DV tape will not play
back in a VCR, so you must use your camera as a player. Player/recorder
DV units are available, but they start at $5000.
Recording time of popular formats:
VHS-C 2 hours at EP speed, 40 minutes at SP
8 mm 4 hours at EP speed, 2 12 hours at SP
Digital 1 hour (standard)
Lines of resolution:
VHS: 230 to 240 lines of resolution
VHS-C: 230 to 240 lines
S-VHS: 400 lines
8 mm: 270 to 290 lines
Hi8: 400+ lines
Digital/Digital8: 500 lines
Still cameras: If you take a lot of digital images, your camera
needs an advanced still image function. Some have floppy drives in addition
to digital.
Shutter speed: Controls the amount of time each frame of the videotape
is exposed to light. Most camcorders offer shutter speeds of between 1/60
to 1/4,000 of a second. Higher-end models reach 1/10,000 of a second.
Low light environments require a slow shutter speed. Bright lights and
quick action need fast shutter speeds. If you're not shooting the NBA
or the Winter Olympics, the extremely fast shutter speeds are not necessary.
Batteries: All camcorders use rechargeable batteries, which have
to be completely drained before charging, otherwise, they lose power.
This is referred to as "memory effect." Lithium ion (Li) batteries,
however, don't suffer from memory effect, they weigh less than standard
batteries and they last up to two hours. Be sure the model you chose can
use a Li battery. If it cannot, it will use one of two common types of
camcorder battery-nickel cadmium (NiCad) or nickel hydride (NiH). Memory
effect plagues both of these. NiCad batteries can run for nearly an hour
if properly maintained. NiH batteries will run up to two hours. A larger-capacity
battery is available for around $60 which will double these running times.
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